Uji kombinasi biner beberapa senyawa aktif asal minyak cengkeh terhadap kutu daun kedelai Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, is a major soybean pest that can reduce crop yield. Botanical insecticides derived from clove oil, which contains eugenol, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene, as well as their derivatives caryophyllene acetate and caryophyllene formate, may provide environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic insecticides. This study evaluated the effects of binary combinations of these compounds on the mortality and nymph production of A. glycines. The experiment was arranged in a ompletely randomized design (CRD) with 11 treatments consisting of ten binary combinations and a control, each with three replications. Treatments were applied by contact spraying on ten wingless adult A. glycines at concentrations of 0.5% and 1%. The results showed that binary combinations primarily affected nymph production. At 0.5%, several combinations, including eugenol+α-humulene, eugenol + β-caryophyllene, eugenol+caryophyllene formate, α-humulene+β-caryophyllene, α-humulene+caryophyllene acetate, α-humulene+caryophyllene formate, and β-caryophyllene+caryophyllene acetate, significantly reduced nymph production with suppression levels of 75–88%. At 1%, all combinations significantly reduced nymph production with suppression ranging from 78–88%. The β-caryophyllene+caryophyllene acetate combination also showed significant mortality. However, the effect was relatively low, reaching 33.36% at 0.5% and 36.67% at 1% at 48 hours after treatment. These findings indicate the potential of clove oil-derived compounds and their derivatives for A. glycines management, particularly through sublethal effects that suppress reproduction.